Estudio transversal. Dolor lumbar y medidas ergonómicas en puestos de trabajo en oficinas / Cross-sectional study. Low back pain and ergonomic measures in office workstations

Introducción: La mayoría de los casos de lumbalgia son de origen muscular y en muchos casos no se identifica una causa subyacente. La prevalencia en trabajadores de oficina es muy variable con valores que pueden llegar hasta el 64%, en muchos casos relacionada con factores ergonómicos y psicosociales. Objetivo: Nuestro objetivo trata de asociar la lumbalgia con dimensiones ergonómicas del puesto de trabajo en oficinistas. Material y Métodos: Se ha diseñado un estudio transversal descriptivo determinando ocho dimensiones ergonómicas, junto con condiciones demográficas y antropométricas de una muestra de trabajadores de oficina. Resultados: Se han analizado los datos de 40 trabajadores, un 77,5% de ellos mujeres, con una edad de 52,1 ± 7,4 años. Ninguna de las medidas determinadas se ha asociado con un riesgo significativo de padecer lumbalgia. Conclusiones: A pesar de la negatividad de nuestros resultados, la relación de lumbalgia con edad, género y hábito sedentario descrita en la literatura, debería facilitar la inclusión de programas de promoción de la salud osteomuscular, orientados a la prevención de la lumbalgia en este colectivo. (AU)

Introduction: Most cases of low back pain are of muscular origin and in many cases no underlying cause is identified. The prevalence in office workers is very variable with values that can reach up to 64%, in many cases related to ergonomic and psychosocial factors. Objetive: Our objective is to associate low back pain with ergonomic dimensions of the workplace in office workers. Material and Methods: A descriptive cross−sectional study was designed to determine eight ergonomic dimensions, together with demographic and anthropometric conditions of a sample of office workers. Results: Data from 40 workers were analyzed, 77.5% of whom were women, with an age of 52.1 ± 7.4 years. None of the measures determined was associated with a significant risk of low back pain. Conclusions: In spite of the negativity of our results, the relationship of low back pain with age, gender and sedentary habits described in the literature should facilitate the inclusion of osteomuscular health promotion programs aimed at preventing low back pain in this group.(AU)

Catatonia and Cognitive Impairments: A Systematic Review.

Background: Catatonia is an underdiagnosed and undertreated neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by catalepsy, negativism, mutism, muscular rigidity, and mannerism, often accompanied by autonomic instability and fever. Although there is growing interest in studying cognitive impairments before and after catatonia, little is known about the cognitive features of the syndrome. Methods: This systematic review was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42022299091). Using a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach, we searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, and PsycArticles using a combination of the terms "Catatonia" and "Cognitive impairment" and "Executive function" and "Frontal lobe" and "Parietal lobe." Studies included original research articles enrolling patients with catatonic syndrome according to specified criteria. Fourteen studies were deemed relevant for inclusion. The abstraction form included age, assessment during acute episode, associated diagnosis, assessment procedure, and cognitive domains. Outcome measures were extracted. Results: Executive functions and visuospatial abilities proved to be the most investigated domains. A great heterogeneity has been observed in the assessment tools used among the 14 evaluated studies. Findings showed that catatonic patients had worse performance than healthy and non-catatonic psychiatric patients in frontal and parietal cortical functions. Conclusion: Because of the small number of studies in such heterogeneous areas and significant methodological limitations, the results should be regarded with caution. Future research assessing cognitive impairments on catatonic patients is needed. Systematic Review Registration: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=299091], identifier [CRD42022299091].

Catatonia: regreso al futuro del síndrome neuropsiquiátrico / Catatonia: Back to the future of the neuropsychiatric syndrome

La catatonia es un síndrome neuropsiquiátrico infratratado e infradiagnósticado cuyo pronóstico es benigno si se trata de forma precoz, evitando así posibles complicaciones y el compromiso de la salud de los pacientes. Los últimos estudios epidemiológicos señalan una prevalencia de catatonia del 9,2%, siendo frecuente tanto en las enfermedades médicas (especialmente en las neurológicas), como en las psiquiátricas. Es recomendable el uso de escalas validadas para su diagnóstico y poder medir la gravedad y la respuesta al tratamiento. Una vez identificada la catatonia, es necesario realizar un estudio diagnóstico protocolizado de la etiología subyacente («Catatonia Workup»). El tratamiento de elección son las benzodiacepinas y la terapia electroconvulsiva. En los últimos años, han surgido nuevas alternativas terapéuticas no invasivas, tales como la estimulación magnética transcraneal. En esta revisión, proponemos varias iniciativas para fomentar la difusión y el conocimiento de la catatonia en el ámbito clínico. (AU)

Catatonia is an undertreated and underdiagnosed neuropsychiatric syndrome whose prognosis is benign if treated early, thus avoiding possible complications and compromising the health of patients. The latest epidemiological studies indicate a prevalence of catatonia of 9.2%, being frequent in medical pathologies (especially neurological ones), as well as in psychiatric pathologies. The use of validated scales is recommended for its diagnosis, to be able to measure the severity and response to treatment. Once catatonia has been identified, it is necessary to perform a protocolized diagnostic study of the underlying aetiology («Catatonia Workup»). Treatment of choice is benzodiazepines and electroconvulsive therapy. In recent years, new therapeutic alternatives such as non-invasive transcranial magnetic stimulation have emerged. In this review we propose several initiatives to promote the dissemination and knowledge of catatonia in the clinical setting. (AU)

Association of serum interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein with depressive and adjustment disorders in COVID-19 inpatients.

BACKGROUND: Immune mechanisms are part of the pathophysiology of mental disorders, although their role remains controversial. In depressive disorders a chronic low-grade inflammatory process is observed, with higher interleukin-6 (IL-6) values. Furthermore, in SARS-CoV2 infection, which is closely related to depressive disorders, there is a proinflammatory cascade of cytokines that causes systemic inflammation. METHODS: The present study evaluates the relationship between IL-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) serum levels and the presence of depressive and adjustment disorders in a sample of 1851 patients admitted to hospital for SARS-CoV2 infection from March to November 2020. Concentrations of IL-6 and CRP were determined within the first 72 â€‹h at admission and compared among groups of patients according to previous history and current presence of depression or adjustment disorders. RESULTS: IL-6 serum levels were significantly higher in the group of patients with depression and adjustment disorders compared to patients without such disorders (114.25 â€‹pg/mL (SD, 225.44) vs. 86.41 (SD, 202.97)), even after adjusting for several confounders. Similar results were obtained for CRP (103.94 â€‹mg/L (SD, 91.16) vs. 90.14 (SD, 85.73)). The absolute levels of IL-6 and CRP were higher than those of previous depression studies, and differences were only found for the subgroup of De Novo depressive or adjustment disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Serum concentrations of IL-6 and CRP are higher in COVID-19 patients with De Novo but not persistent depressive or adjustment disorders. Clinical features such as fatigue, asthenia, anhedonia, or anxiety can be the basis for this finding.

[Catatonia: Back to the future of the neuropsychiatric syndrome]. / Catatonia: regreso al futuro del síndrome neuropsiquiátrico.

Catatonia is an undertreated and underdiagnosed neuropsychiatric syndrome whose prognosis is benign if treated early, thus avoiding possible complications and compromising the health of patients. The latest epidemiological studies indicate a prevalence of catatonia of 9.2%, being frequent in medical pathologies (especially neurological ones), as well as in psychiatric pathologies. The use of validated scales is recommended for its diagnosis, to be able to measure the severity and response to treatment. Once catatonia has been identified, it is necessary to perform a protocolized diagnostic study of the underlying aetiology («Catatonia Workup¼). Treatment of choice is benzodiazepines and electroconvulsive therapy. In recent years, new therapeutic alternatives such as non-invasive transcranial magnetic stimulation have emerged. In this review we propose several initiatives to promote the dissemination and knowledge of catatonia in the clinical setting.

Mental disorders, psychopharmacological treatments, and mortality in 2150 COVID-19 Spanish inpatients.

OBJECTIVE: To determine how mental disorders and psychopharmacological treatments before and during COVID-19 hospital admissions are related to mortality. METHODS: Subjects included in the study were all adult patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19, confirmed clinically and by PCR, who were admitted to a tertiary university hospital in Badalona (Spain) between March 1 and November 17, 2020. Data were extracted anonymously from computerized clinical records. RESULTS: 2,150 subjects were included, 57% males, mean age 61 years. History of mental disorders was registered in 957 (45%). Throughout admission, de novo diagnosis of mood or anxiety, stress, or adjustment disorder was made in 12% of patients without previous history. Delirium was diagnosed in 10% of cases. 1011 patients (47%) received a psychotropic prescription during admission (36% benzodiazepines, 22% antidepressants, and 21% antipsychotics). Mortality rate was 17%. Delirium during admission and history of mood disorder were independently associated with higher mortality risk (hazard ratios, 1.39 and 1.52 respectively), while previous year's treatments with anxiolytics/hypnotics and antidepressants were independently associated with lower mortality risk (hazard ratios, 0.47 and 0.43, respectively). CONCLUSION: Mental symptoms are very common in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 infection. Detecting, diagnosing, and treating them is key to determining the prognosis of the disease and functional recovery.

Mejoría clínica de tendinopatía de hombro tras modificaciones ergonómicas del puesto de trabajo de usuarios de ordenador / Clinical improvement of shoulder tendinopathy after ergonomic modifications of the workstation of computer users

INTRODUCCIÓN: A pesar de la baja evidencia de la relación entre la patología del hombro y el uso de ordenadores, algunos autores asocian dicha patología con el uso del ratón informático, su posición alejada del cuerpo o el espacio insuficiente en la mesa de trabajo. CASO CLÍNICO: Presentamos el caso de cuatro trabajadores que, en el transcurso del último año, se han dirigido espontáneamente al servicio médico manifestando dolor en el hombro que relacionaban con sus condiciones de trabajo y como se ha solucionado dicha clínica mediante la adaptación del puesto de trabajo, básicamente gracias a la introducción de un ratón inalámbrico que ha permitido el rediseño del puesto de trabajo. DISCUSIÓN: La imposibilidad de mover el ratón libremente debido a restricciones en el espacio de la mesa de trabajo y a la utilización de ratón más de 4 horas/día durante la jornada laboral se ha descrito como causa de patología a nivel de hombros. En otros casos también se asoció con un espacio insuficiente en la mesa de trabajo, tener el ratón alejado de la posición corporal o utilizarlo durante la mitad o más tiempo de la jornada laboral. Desde un punto de vista biomecánico el manguito de los rotadores es exigente para evitar fuerzas luxantes, lo que realiza mediante contracción excéntrica o fuerzas neutralizadoras de grupos antagonistas. El supraespinoso tiene un papel importante al inicio de la abducción con un ángulo de tracción máximo aproximadamente a 75°. Determinadas posiciones podrían influenciar su fatiga y/o proceso inflamatorio. CONCLUSIONES: Nuestra experiencia nos indica que una sencilla y asumible modificación de la posición del hombro durante la utilización del ratón ha sido útil para revertir cuadros clínicamente compatibles con tendinopatías a este nivel

INTRODUCTION: Despite the low evidence of the relationship between shoulder pathology and the use of computers, some authors associate this pathology with the use of the computer mouse, its position away from the body or insufficient space on the desk. CLINICAL CASE: We present the case of four workers who, during the last year, consulted medical services spontaneously, manifesting shoulder pain related to their working conditions and how this clinic has been solved by adapting the workplace, basically thanks to the introduction of a wireless mouse that allowed the redesign of the workplace. DISCUSSION: The inability to move the mouse freely due to restrictions in the space of the work table and the use of mice more than 4 hours / day during the workday has been described as a cause of shoulder pathology. In other cases, it was also associated with insufficient space on the work table, having the mouse away from body position or using it during half or more of the workday. From a biomechanical point of view the rotator cuff is demanding to avoid dislocating forces, which it does by means of eccentric contraction or neutralizing forces of antagonist groups. The supraspinatus plays an important role at the beginning of abduction with a maximum traction angle of approximately 75°. Certain positions may influence your fatigue and / or inflammatory process. CONCLUSIONS: Our experience indicates that a simple and acceptable modification of the position of the shoulder during the use of the mouse has been useful to improve events of clinical presentations like tendinopathies at this level

Integración de la prevención de riesgos en el proceso de compra de desinfectantes hospitalarios del Instituto Catalán de la Salud entre los años 2008 y 2017 / Integrating risk prevention in the procurement of disinfection products: the evolution of hospital disinfection product composition in the Catalonian health intstitue, 2008-2017

La desinfección de superficies y de material es una tarea imprescindible en los hospitales para evitar la propagación de infecciones asociadas a la estancia hospitalaria de los pacientes. Por eso, en el Instituto Catalán de la Salud (ICS) en el periodo 2008-2017 se han ido sustituyendo los diversos productos desinfectantes que son nocivos para la salud de los trabajadores, como aldehídos y cancerígenos, por otros menos peligrosos, como los productos oxidantes y alcoholes, que dan también un resultado eficiente y seguro en la desinfección del material y de las superficies. Este trabajo recoge esta experiencia como forma de integración de la prevención de riesgos en la empresa

In hospitals, the disinfection of surfaces and medical instruments is essential for preventing the spread of infections associated with hospital admissions. For this reason, between 2008 and now, the Catalonian Institute of Health (ICS, by its Spanish acronym) has been replacing several potentially harmful disinfection products, such as aldehydes and carcinogens, with less hazardous compounds such as oxidizing products and alcohols, that are safe and also efficient for the disinfection of work surfaces and medical instruments. This paper summarizes our experience, as an example of the integration of risk prevention in healthcare institutions

[INTEGRATING RISK PREVENTION IN THE PROCUREMENT OF DISINFECTION PRODUCTS: THE EVOLUTION OF HOSPITAL DISINFECTION PRODUCT COMPOSITION IN THE CATALONIAN HEALTH INSITUTE, 2008-2017]. / Integración de la prevención de riesgos en el proceso de compra de desinfectantes hospitalarios del Instituto Catalán de la Salud entre los años 2008 y 2017.

In hospitals, the disinfection of surfaces and medical instruments is essential for preventing the spread of infections associated with hospital admissions. For this reason, between 2008 and now, the Catalonian Institute of Health (ICS, by its Spanish acronym) has been replacing several potentially harmful disinfection products, , such as aldehydes and carcinogens, with less hazardous compounds such as oxidizing products and alcohols, that are safe and also efficient for the disinfection of work surfaces and medical instruments. This paper summarizes our experience, as an example of the integration of risk prevention in healthcare institutions.

La desinfección de superficies y de material es una tarea imprescindible en los hospitales para evitar la propagación de infecciones asociadas a la estancia hospitalaria de los pacientes. Por eso, en el Instituto Catalán de la Salud (ICS) en el periodo 2008-2017 se han ido sustituyendo los diversos productos desinfectantes que son nocivos para la salud de los trabajadores, como aldehídos y cancerígenos, por otros menos peligrosos, como los productos oxidantes y alcoholes, que dan también un resultado eficiente y seguro en la desinfección del material y de las superficies. Este trabajo recoge esta experiencia como forma de integración de la prevención de riesgos en la empresa.